39. The Book of al-Bay'ah
Pledging To Hear And Obey
It was narrated that 'Ubadah bin As-Samit said: "We pledged to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey, both in times of ease and hardship, when we felt energetic and when we felt tired, that we would not contend with the orders of whomever was entrusted with it, that we would was entrusted with it, that we would stand firm in the way of truth wherever we may be, and that we would not fear the blame of the blamers." It was narrated that 'Ubadah bin As-Samit said: "We pledged to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey, both in times of hardship and ease." And he mentioned similarly.
Pledging Not To Content with The Orders Of Those In Authroity
It was narrated that 'Ubadah said: "We pledged to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey both in times of hardship and ease, when we felt energetic and when we felt tired, that we would not contend with the orders of whomever was entrusted with it, that we would speak the truth or stand firm in the way of truth wherever we may be, and that we would not fear the blame of the blamers."
Pledging To Speak The Truth
It was narrated from 'Ubadah bin Al-Walid bin 'Ubadah bin As-Samit, frim this father, that his grandfather said: "We pledged to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey both in times of hardship and ease, when we felt energetic and when we felt tired, and when others are preferred over us, that we would not contend with the orders of whomever was entrusted with it, and that we would speak the truth wherever we may be."
Pledging To Speak Justly
It was narrated that 'Ubadah bin As-Samit said: "We pledged to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey during our hardship and our ease, when we felt energetic and when we felt tired, that we would not contend with the orders of whomever was entrusted with it, that we would stand for justice wherever we may be, and that we would not fear the blame of any blamer for the sake of Allah.
Pledging Obedience Even When Other Are Preferred Over Us
It was narrated from Shu'bah, from Sayyar and Yahya bin Sa'eed that they heard 'Ubadah bin Al-Walid narrating from his father. Sayyar said: "From his father," and Yahya said: "From his father," from his grandfather, whom said: 'We pledged to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey during our hardship and our ease, when we felt energetic and when we felt tired, and when others are preferred over us, that we would not contend with the orders of whomever was entrusted with it, that we would stand firm for the truth wherever it may be, and that we would not fear the blame of any blamer for the sake of Allah." (Sahih)Shu'bah said: "Sayyar did not mention this statement: 'Wherever it may be' while Yahya mentioned it." Shu'bah said: "If I have added anything to it, then it is from Sayyar or from Yahya." It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah said: "You have to obey when you feel energetic and when you feel tired, during your ease and your hardship, and when others are preferred over you."
Pledging To Be Sincere Toward Every Muslim
It was narrated that Jarir said: "I pledged to the Messenger of Allah to be sincere toward ever Muslim." Jarir said: "I pledged to the Prophet to hear and obey and to be sincere toward every Muslim."
Pledging Not To Flee (From The Battlefield)
Jabir said: "We did not give our pledge to the Messenger of Allah for death, rather we pledged not to flee (from battle)."
Pledging For Death
It was narrated that Yazid bin Abi 'Ubaid said: "I said to Salamah bin Al-Akwa': 'What pledge did you make to the Prophet on the Day of Al-Hudaibiyyah?' He said: 'For death."'
Pledging To Engage In Jihad
It was narrated that Ya'la bin Umayyah said: "I came to the Messenger of Allah with my father Umayyah on the Day of the Conquest (of Makkah) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, accept my father's pledge for emigration (Al-Hijrah).' The Messenger of Allah said: 'I will accept his pledge to fight in Jihad, for the emigration (Al-Hijrah) has ceased."' It was narrated that 'Ubadah bin As-Samit said: "While there was a group of his companions around him, the Messenger of Allah said: 'Pledge to me, that you will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit unlawful sexual relations, nor kill your children; you will not utter slander, fabricating from between your hands and feet, and you will not disobey me in goodness (Ma'ruf). Whoever fulfills (this pledge), his reward will be with Allah, and whoever commits any of these actions and is punished for it, it will be an expiation for him. Whoever commits any of these actions then Allah conceals him, then his affair is up to Allah; if He wills He will forgive him, and if He wills punish him."' (Sahih)Ahmed bin Sa'eed contradicted him. It was narrated from 'Ubadah bin As-Samit that the Messenger of Allah said: "Why don't you pledge to me upon that which the women have pledged: That you will not associate anything with Allah, that you will not steal, that you will not have unlawful sexual relations, that you will not utter slander, fabricating from between your hands and feet, and that you will not disobey me in goodness (Ma'ruf)?" We said: "yes, O Messenger of Allah." So we gave him our pledge, on that basis. The Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever commits any of these actions after that, and is punished, that will be an expiation. Whoever is not punished, then his affair is up to Allah; if He wills, He will forgive him, and if He wills, He will punish him."
Pledging To Emigrate (Al-Hijrah)
It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin 'Amr that a man came to the Prophet and said: "I have come pledging to emigrate (Hijrah), and I have left my parents weeping." He said: "Go back to them, and make them smile as you made them weep."
The Importance Of Emigration (Hijrah)
It was narrated from Abu Sa'eed that: a Bedouin asked the Messenger of Allah about emigration (Hijrah). He said: "Woe to you, emigration is very important. Do you have any camels?" He said: "Yes. He said: "Do you pay Sadaqah on them?" He said: "Yes." He said: "Do righteous deeds no matter how far away you are from the Muslims, for Allah, the Mighty and sublime, will never cause any of your deeds tobe lost."
Emigration (Hijrah) Of A Bedouin
It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin 'Amr said: "A man said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Which emigration (Hijrah) is best?' He said: 'To leave what your Lord, the Mighty and Sublime, dislikes.' He said: 'There are two kinds of emigration, the emigration of the town dweller and the emigration of the Bedouin. As for the Bedouin, when he is called (to fight in Jihad) he must respond, and he must obey when he is commanded, and as for the town dweller, he is the one who is more severely tested and more greatly rewarded."'
The Explanation Of Emigration (Hijrah)
It was narrated that Jabir bin Zaid said: "Ibn 'Abbas said:'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), Abu Bakr and 'Umar were among the Muhajirin (emigrants), because they forsook (hajaru) the idolators, andsome of the Ansar were Muhajirun because Al-Madinah was a land of shirk, and they came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on the Night of Al-'Aqabah."'
Encouragement to Emigrate
It was narrated from Kathir bin Murrah that Abu Fatimah told him that he said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me of an action that I may do and persist in it." The Messenger of Allah said to him: "You should emigrate, for there is nothing like it."
Mention Of The Difference Of Opinion As To Whether Emigration Is Still Obligatory Or Not
It was narrated from 'Amr bin 'Abdur-Rahman bin Umayyah that his father told him that Ya'la said: "I came to the Messenger of Allah with my father on the day of the Conquest (of Makkah) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, accept my father's pledge to emigrate.' The Messenger of Allah said: 'I will accept his pledge for Jihad, for the emigration (Hijrah) has ceased."' It was narrated that Safwan bin Umayyah said: "I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, they are saying that no one will enter Paradise except a Muhajir."' He said: "There is no more emigration (Hijrah) after the Conquest of Makkah, rather there is Jihad and intention. When you are called to moblize (for Jihad) then do so." It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said: "The Messenger of Allah said on the Day of the Conquest (of Makkah): "There is no more emigration (Hijrah), rather there is Jihad and intention. When you are called to moblize (for Jihad) then do so."' It was narrated that Nu'aim bin Dijajah said: "I heard 'Umar bin Al-Khattab say: 'There is no more emigration (Hijrah) after the death of the Messenger of Allah."' It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin Waqdan As-Sa'di said: "We came in a delegation to the messenger of Allah, each of us with a question to ask him. I was the last of them to come in to the Messenger of Allah, and I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I have left people behind me, and they are saying that emigration (Hijrah) has ceased.' He said: 'Emigration will not cease so long as the disbelievers are being fought."' It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin As-Sa'di said: "We came in a delegation to the Messenger of Allah and my companions entered and asked their questions. I was the last of them to enter, and he said: 'What is you question?' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, when will emigration end?' The Messenger of Allah said: 'Emigration will not cease so long as the disbelievers are being fought."'
Pledge To Obey Whether One Likes It Or Not
Jarir said: "I came to the Prophet and said to him: 'I pledge to you to hear and obey in what I like and what I dislike.' The Prophet said: 'Can you do that, O Jarir,' or, 'Are you able for that?' He said: Say: As much as I can.' So he accepted my pledge (for that), and that I be sincere toward every Muslim."
Pledging To Forsake The Idolaters
It was narrated that Jarir said: I pledged to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) to perform Salah, pay the Zakah, be sincere toward every Muslim and forsake the idolaters. It was narrated that Jarir said: "I came to the Messenger of Allah" and he mentioned something similar. Jarir said: "I came to the Prophet when he was accepting (the people's) pledge, and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, extend you hand so that I may give you my pledge, and state your terms, for you know best.' He said: 'I accept you pledge that you will worship Allah, establish Salah, pay the Zakah, be sincere toward the Muslims, and forsake the idolaters." It was narrated that Abu Idris Al-Khawlani said: "I heard 'Ubadah bin As-Samit say: 'I pledged to the Messenger of Allah among a group of people, and he said: I accept your pledge that you will not associate anything with Allah, you will not steal, you will not have unlawful sexual relations, you will not kill you children, you will not utter slander, fabricating from between your hands and feet, and you will not disobey me when commanded with goodness. Whoever fulfills (this pledge), his reward will be with Allah, and whoever commits any of these actions and is punished for it, it will be purification for him. Whoever (commits any of these action then) Allah conceals him, it is up to Allah; if He wills He will forgive him, and if He wills, He will punish him."'
The Women's Pledge
It was narrated that Umm 'Atiyyah said: "When I wanted to give pledge to the Messenger of Allah, I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, women helped me (in wailing for the dead) during the Jahiliyyah; shall I go and help her (in wailing) and then come to you and give you my oath of allegiance?' He said: 'Go and help her.' So I went and helped her, then I came, and gave my pledge to the Messenger of Allah." It was narrated that Umm 'Atiyyah said: "The Messenger of Allah accepted our pledge that we would not wail (for the dead)." It was narrated that Umaimah bint Ruqaiqah said: "I came to the Prophet with some other Ansari women to give our pledge. We said: 'O Messenger of Allah, we give you our pledge that we will not associate anything with Allah, we will not steal, we will not have unlawful sexual relations, we will not utter slander, fabricating from between our hands and feet, and we will not disobey you in goodness.' He said: 'As much as you can and are able.' We said: 'Allah and His Messenger are more merciful toward us. Com, let us give you our pledge, O Messenger of Allah! The Messenger of Allah said: 'I do not shake hands with women. Rather my word to a hundred women is like my word to one woman."'
The Pledge Of The One Who Has A Deformity
It was narrted from a man from Al Ash-Sharid, who was called 'Amr, that his father said: "Among the delegation of Thaqif there was a man who suffered from leprosy. The Prophet sent word to him saying: 'Go back, for I have accepted your pledge."'
The Pledge Of A Child
It was narrated that Al-Hirmas bin Ziyad said: "I stretched forth my hand to the Prophet for him to accept my pledge, when I was a child, but he did not accept my pledge."
The Pledge Of Slaves
It was narrated that jabir said: "A slave came and pledged to the Prophet to emigrate, and the Prophet did not realize that he was a slave. Then his master came looking for him. The Prophet said: 'Sell him to me,' and he bought him for two black slaves. Then he did not accept the pledge from anyone until he asked: 'Is he a slave?"'
Canceling The Pledge
It was narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah that: a Bedouin pledged Islam to the Messenger of Allah, then the Bedouin was stricken with the fever in Al-Madinah. So he came to the Messenger of Allah and said: "O Messenger of Allah, cancel my pledge," but he refused. Then he came to him again and said: "Cancel my pledge," but he refused. Then he came to him again and said: "Cancel my pledge," but he refused. Then the Bedouin left (Al-Madinah) and the Messenger of Allah sadi: "Al-Madinah his like the bellows; it expels its dross and brightness its good.
Returning To The Desert Life After Having Emigrated.
It was narrated from Salamah bin Al-Akwa ' that he entered upon Al-Hajjaj who said: O son of Al-Akwa, you have turned on your heels (i.e., deserted Islam) by staying in the desert with the Bedouins." He said: "No; the Messenger of Allah gave me permission to stay in the desert with the Bedouins.
Pledging To Da As Much As One Can
It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said: "We used to pledge to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey, the he said: 'In as much as you can."' Ibn 'Umar said: "When we gave our pledge to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey, he would say to us: 'In as much as you can". It was narrated that Jarir bin 'Abdullah said: "I gave my pledge to the Prophet to hear and obey, and he told me to add the words.' In as much as you can, and to be since toward every Muslim"'. (Sahih) ' It was narrated that Umaimah bin Ruqaiqah said: "We gave pledge to the Messenger of Allah among a group of women, and he said to us: 'In as much as you can and are able ."'
Mentioning The Obligation Of The Who Gives His Pledge To A Ruler, And Gives The Grasp Of
It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Abd Rabb Al-Kabah said: " I came to 'Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-As while he was sitting in the shade of Kabah, and the people were gathered around him, and I heard him say: 'While we were with the Messenger of Allah on a journey, we stopped to camp, and some of us were pitching tents, some were competing in shooting arrows, and some were taking the animals out to race them. Then the caller of the Prophet called out: As-Salatu Jamiah (prayer is about to begin). So we gathered, and the Messenger of Allah stood up and addressed us. He said: There has a never been a prophet before me who was not obliged to tell his nation of what he knew was good for them, and to warn against that he knew was bad for them. With regard to Ummah of yours, soundness (of religious commitment) has been placed in its earlier generations, and the last of them will be afflicted with calamities and things that you dislike. Then there will come tribulations which will make the earlier ones pale into significances, and the believer will say: This will be then end of me, then relief will come. Then (more) tribulations will come and the believer will say: this will be the end of me, then relief will come. Whoever would like to be taken far away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, let him die believing in Allah and the Last Day, and let him treat people as he would like to be treated. Whoever pledges to a ruler and gives him the grasp of his hand and the sincerity of his heart, the let him obey him as much as he can, and if another comes and challenges him, let them strike the neck of (i.e., kill) the second one."'He said: " I drew near to him and said: 'Did you hear the Messenger of Allah say that? He 'Yes, and quoted the Hadith without interruption (in the chain)
The Exhortation To Obey The Imam
It was narrated that Yahya bin Husain said: "I heard my grandmother say: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah say, during the Farewell Pilgrimage: If an Ethiopian slave is appointed over you who rules according to the Book of Allah, then listen to him and obey."'
Encouragement To Obey The Imam
Abu Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever obeys me, obeys Allah, and whoever disobeys me, disobeys Allah. Whoever obeys my governor (Amir), he has obeyed me, and whoever disobeys my governor, he has disobeyed me."'
The Saying Of Allah, The Most High: "And those of you (Muslims) who are in authority
It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas (concerning the Verse): "O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger (Muhammad). That he said: This was revealed concerning 'Abdullah bin Hudhaifah bin Qais bin 'Adiyy, whom the Messenger of Allah appointed in charge of an expedition"
The Stern Warning Against Disobeying The Imam
It was narrated from Muadah bin Jabal that the Messenger of Allah said: "Military campaigns are of two types: as for the one who seeks the Face of Allah, obeys the imam, spends what is precious and avoids mischief, whether he is asleep or awake, he is earning reward. But as for the one who fights in order to show off and gain a reputation, and disobeys the imam and spreads mischief in the land, he comes back empty-handed." (Da 'if)
Rights And Duties Of The Imam
Abu Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allah said: "The Imam is like a shield whose orders should be obeyed when they (the Muslims) fight, and where they should seek protection. If he enjoins fear of Allah and behaves justly, then he will be rewarded, but if he enjoins otherwise, then it will be a burden (of sin) on him."
Sincerity To The Imam
It was narrated that Tamim Ad-Dari said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Religion is sincerity (An-Nasihah).' They said: 'To whom, O Messenger of Allah?' he said: 'To Allah, to His Book, to His Messenger, to the imams of the Muslims, and to their common folk."' It was narrated that Tamim Ad-Dari said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Religion is sincerity (An-Nasihah).' They said: 'To whom, O Messenger of Allah? He said: 'To Allah, to His Book, to His Messenger, to the imams of the Muslims and to their common folk"' It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah said: "Religion is sincerity, religion is sincerity (Al-Nasihah), religion is sincerity." They said; "To whom, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "To Allah, to His Book, to His Messenger, to the imams of the Muslims and to their common folk." It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah said: "Religion is sincerity (An-Nasihah)." The said: "To whom, O Messenger of Allah?" he said: "To Allah, to His Book, to His Messenger, to the imams of the Muslims and to their common folk."
The Inner Circle Of The Imam
It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said " The Messenger of Allah said: 'No ruler is appointed but he has tow groups of advisers: A group which urges him to do good and tells him not to do evil, and a group which does its best to corrupt him. Whoever is protected from their evil is indeed protected. And he (the ruler) belongs to the group that has the greater influence over him." It was narrated from Abu Saeed tht the Messenger of Allah said: "Allah never sends a prophet or appoints a Khalifah but he has two groups of advisers: A group that tells him to do good and a group that tells him to do evil and urges him to do it. And the one who is truly protected is the one who is protected by Allah, the Mighty and Sublime." It was narrated that Abu Ayyub said; "I heard the Messenger of Allah say: 'No prophet has eve been sent, nor has there been any Khalifah after him, but he has two groups of advisers, a group that tells him to do good and a group that tells him to do evil. Whoever is protected from the evil group, then he is indeed protected.
The Minister Of The Imam
It was narrated that Al-Qasim bin Muhammad said: " I heard my paternal aunt say: 'The Messenger of Allah said; "Whoever among you is appointed to a position of authority. If Allah wills good for him. He will give him a righteous minister who will remind him if he forgets and help him if he remembers
The Punishment Of One Who Is Commanded To Commit Sin And Obeys The Command.
It was narrated from Abu 'Adur-Rahman from Ali that: the Messenger of Allah sent an army and appointed a man in charge of them. He lit a fire and said: "Enter it." Some people wanted to enter it, and other said: "We are trying to keep away from it." They mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah, and he said to those who had wanted to enter if: "If you had entered it you would have stayed there until the Day of Resurrection." And he spoke good words to the others. And he said: "There is no obedience if it involves disobedience toward Allah. Rather obedience is only (required) in that which is good." It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'The Muslim must hear and obey whether he likes it or not, unless he is commanded to commit an act of disobedience. If he is commanded to commit an act of disobedience, then he is not required to hear and obey."'
Mentioning The Warning To Those Who Help The Leader To Do Wrong.
It was narrated that Kab bin Ujrah said: "The Messenger of Allah came out to us, and there were nine of us. He said; 'After me there will be rulers, whoever believes in their lies and helps them in their wrongdoing is not of me, and I am not of him, and he will not come to me at the Cistern. Whoever does not believe their lies and does not help them in their wrongdoing, he is of me, and I am of hi, and he will come to me at the Cistern."'
Those Who Do Not help The Leader To Do Wrong.
It was narrated that Kab bin Ujrah said: "The Messenger of Allah came out to us and we were nine, fie and four, some 'Arabs and some non- 'Arabs. He said: 'Listen. Have you heard that after me there will be rulers, whoever enters upon them and believes their lies and help them in their wrongdoing is not of me, and I am not of him, and he will not come to me at the Cistern? Whoever does not enter upon them or belive their lies or help them in their wrongdoing is of me and I am of him, and he will come to me at the Cistern."'
The Virtue Of The One Who Speaks The Truth Before An Unjust Ruler
It was narrated from Tariq bin Shihab that: a man asked the Prophet, when he had put his leg in the stirrup: "Which kind of Jihad is best?'" He said: " a word of truth spoken before an unjust rulers."
The Reward Of The One Who Fulifills The Pledge He Made
It was narrated that 'Ubadah bin As-Samit said: "We were with the Prophet in a gathering and he said: 'Pledge to me that you will not associate anything with Allah, you will not steal, and you will not have unlawful sexual relations.' He recited the Verse to them (and said) Whoever does any of these things, and Allah conceals him then it is up to Allah, the mighty and Sublime: If He wills, He will punish him, and if He wills, He will forgive him.
It is disliked to be eager for positions of Authority
it was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet said: "You will become keen for positions of authority, but that will become a regret and loss. What a good life they will live, but how hard it will be for them when they die."